Aging:老年痴呆患者肠道微生物菌群分析

2022-01-24 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

AD谱系的患者表现出GM丰度的改变,这在不同的国家和临床阶段有不同的介导作用。

以往的研究表明,淀粉样β(Aβ)在大脑中的沉积是阿尔茨海默病(AD)患者的早期神经变化。然而,AD的发病机制并没有得到很好的解释。最近的证据表明,肠道微生物群(GM)在AD的发展或加重中的潜在作用。

人类肠道中居住着数千种微生物,它们对个体的生理和发育起着关键作用。此外,越来越多的证据显示,肠道和中枢神经系统(CNS)通过以下神经化学途径相互作用。首先,GM可能产生和释放神经递质和神经毒素,由系统循环传递,然后穿过血脑屏障(BBB)来调控神经活动。其次,肠神经系统激活后,接受来自GM的信号,然后影响肠道细胞,调节外周免疫系统的抗炎作用。

为了研究AD谱系(包括轻度认知障碍[MCI]和AD)患者和健康对照组(HC)之间GM的差异,来自来自台湾长庚大学职业治疗系和行为科学研究所的专家进行系统回顾和荟萃分析,结果发表在Aging杂志上。

数据来源于2000年1月至2021年8月的PubMed、MEDLINE、Scopus和Cochrane图书馆,纳入观察性试验和干预试验的干预前数据,调查AD谱系患者和HC中GM的丰度。通过随机效应、反方差加权模型进行效应大小的计算。

由378名HC和427名AD谱系患者组成的11项研究被纳入荟萃分析中。与HC相比,AD患者显示出明显的GM多样性减少,而MCI则没有上述现象。同时,与HC相比,AD谱系患者的蛋白细菌、双歧杆菌和法氏杆菌的丰度更高,但梭菌科、拉氏杆菌科和立克次体科的丰度较低。

健康对照组(HC)和阿尔茨海默病(AD)谱系之间比较的香农指数

在HC和AD谱系中,Alistipes和Bacteroides的丰度概况受到各国的不同影响。最后,当考虑到临床阶段作为调节因素时,梭状芽孢杆菌科和法氏杆菌科丰度的比较显示出较大的影响大小,从MCI到AD阶段有梯度变化。

由此可见,AD谱系的患者表现出GM丰度的改变,这在不同的国家和临床阶段有不同的介导作用。

 

 

参考文献:

Gut microbiota in patients with Alzheimer’s disease spectrum: a systematic review and meta-analysis. https://doi.org/10.18632/aging.203826

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    2022-08-04 wjcjjian
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    2022-01-23 neuro.Dr

    老年性痴呆,未来还是希望借助神经电生理吧,也许更为有效!

    0

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