Neurology:Waardenburg综合征2型

2019-05-27 zyx整理 神经科病例撷英拾粹

5岁男孩,表现为双侧先天性感音神经性听力丧失和双侧相同的虹膜异色症(hypochromia iridis)不伴有内眦外移(dystopia canthorum)。

5岁男孩,表现为双侧先天性感音神经性听力丧失和双侧相同的虹膜异色症(hypochromia iridis)不伴有内眦外移(dystopia canthorum)。MRI可见后半规管缩短(图1-2),符合Waardenburg综合征(WS)。

WS是一种罕见的遗传性皮肤病,儿童发病率约为1/40000,其由神经外胚层的黑素母细胞异常迁移所致。WS共有4种类型(1和3,常染色体显性遗传; 2和4,显性或隐性)。2型因没有内眦外移而与1型不同。3型伴有肌肉骨骼异常有关,4型伴有先天性巨结肠。


(图1:双侧相同的虹膜异色症[亮丽的蓝眼睛])


(图2:A-C:T2WI可见正常的上半规管[白箭],正常的外半规管[黄箭]以及缩短增厚的后半规管[红箭];D-E:T2WI和3D成像可见正常的上半规管[白箭]和异常的后半规管[红箭])

原始出处:Rosa Júnior M, Santana LM, Ramos BF, Ramos HF. Teaching NeuroImages: Waardenburg syndrome type 2. Neurology. 2019 Apr 16;

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