Scientific Reports:看到之前,脑袋已经有了预测!

2017-12-08 Juka 转化医学网

在以往的认知中,我们总是看到事物,然后脑海中浮现出相同的景象。但是,这种认知很可能是错误的!新的神经学科学家发现:在我们的眼睛看过去之前,我们的脑海里已经构建出了图像!


在以往的认知中,我们总是看到事物,然后脑海中浮现出相同的景象。但是,这种认知很可能是错误的!新的神经学科学家发现:在我们的眼睛看过去之前,我们的脑海里已经构建出了图像!

格拉斯哥大学的神经学家已经证明:人类的大脑会在看到之前就预测看到人们看到的内容。

在《自然》子刊《Scientific Reports》上发表的一项新研究中,研究人员对人脑的视觉机制有了更深入的了解。

视觉:其实是大脑和眼睛之间不断的双向对话

由格拉斯哥大学的Lars Muckli教授领导的这项研究使用了fMRI和视觉错觉证明了一个事情:大脑会预测移动眼睛后看到的信息。

在实验中,利用视觉错觉来进行研究。研究中的图像是两个固定的闪烁正方形,因为大脑预测会预测眼睛的运动,这两个正方形在两个位置之间移动,所以观察者会看到一个正方形。在这些闪光期间,作者指示参与者移动他们的眼睛。研究人员对视觉皮层进行了成像,发现运动的预测会传递到与眼球运动有关的皮层的新空间位置。

我们每秒移动大约4次眼睛,这意味着我们的大脑必须每250毫秒处理一次新的视觉信息。然而,在我们的脑海里,世界看起来很稳定。如果你如此频繁地移动摄像机,那么将诞生的电影将无比恐怖。

神经学家们认为:我们脑海中的的世界之所以如此稳定,是因为我们的大脑会思考未来。换句话说,大脑会预测移动眼睛后会看到什么。

神经科学与心理学研究所的Lars Muckli教授说道:“这项研究非常重要,因为它证明了fMRI对神经科学研究领域有着卓越的贡献。此外,找到一个可行的脑功能机制将有助于大脑的开发和和人工智能的发展。”

科学家Gracie Edwards博士说:“视觉信息是从眼睛接收的,由大脑中的视觉系统进行处理,我们把视觉信息称为”前馈“输入,同时大脑也向视觉系统发送信息,这个信息是被称为“反馈”。”

我们在脑海中最终呈现的景象其实是基于我们对于感知类事件记忆的预期,从而影响我们对于前馈输入(视觉)的认知。

我们大脑和眼睛的相互交流,才是我们每天感觉到的视觉景象。

原始出处:

Grace Edwards, Petra Vetter,et al.Predictive feedback to V1 dynamically updates with sensory input.Scientific Reports 7, 16538  28 November 2017

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    2018-03-26 烹茶静思

    这个研究没什么意思.倒是fMRI这项技术.可以为AI的发展提供技术支持.

    0

  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=299997, encodeId=e03529999e12, content=这个研究没什么意思.倒是fMRI这项技术.可以为AI的发展提供技术支持., beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=131, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2018/03/25/ac617363fe5f8639baeefddd777fe48a.jpg, createdBy=aad52307677, createdName=烹茶静思, createdTime=Mon Mar 26 23:18:29 CST 2018, time=2018-03-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1375733, encodeId=803813e573385, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2949159989d' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#SCIE#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=95, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=15998, encryptionId=2949159989d, topicName=SCIE)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=17a3387, createdName=jichang, createdTime=Sun Dec 10 13:40:00 CST 2017, time=2017-12-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=268195, encodeId=ee2526819523, content=不错的文章值得推荐, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=92, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=eff51996281, createdName=1e1b8538m79(暂无匿称), createdTime=Sat Dec 09 23:45:29 CST 2017, time=2017-12-09, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=268077, encodeId=2bca2680e720, content=神奇的大脑功能, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=101, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2017/04/24/1c2dbd6706e64df33befd6663f1d6b37.jpg, createdBy=94f61661779, createdName=lyh994, createdTime=Sat Dec 09 10:56:31 CST 2017, time=2017-12-09, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=267917, encodeId=0e9c26e91791, content=不错的文章值得推荐, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=96, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=eff51996281, createdName=1e1b8538m79(暂无匿称), createdTime=Fri Dec 08 22:52:48 CST 2017, time=2017-12-08, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-12-10 jichang
  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=299997, encodeId=e03529999e12, content=这个研究没什么意思.倒是fMRI这项技术.可以为AI的发展提供技术支持., beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=131, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2018/03/25/ac617363fe5f8639baeefddd777fe48a.jpg, createdBy=aad52307677, createdName=烹茶静思, createdTime=Mon Mar 26 23:18:29 CST 2018, time=2018-03-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1375733, encodeId=803813e573385, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2949159989d' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#SCIE#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=95, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=15998, encryptionId=2949159989d, topicName=SCIE)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=17a3387, createdName=jichang, createdTime=Sun Dec 10 13:40:00 CST 2017, time=2017-12-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=268195, encodeId=ee2526819523, content=不错的文章值得推荐, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=92, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=eff51996281, createdName=1e1b8538m79(暂无匿称), createdTime=Sat Dec 09 23:45:29 CST 2017, time=2017-12-09, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=268077, encodeId=2bca2680e720, content=神奇的大脑功能, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=101, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2017/04/24/1c2dbd6706e64df33befd6663f1d6b37.jpg, createdBy=94f61661779, createdName=lyh994, createdTime=Sat Dec 09 10:56:31 CST 2017, time=2017-12-09, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=267917, encodeId=0e9c26e91791, content=不错的文章值得推荐, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=96, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=eff51996281, createdName=1e1b8538m79(暂无匿称), createdTime=Fri Dec 08 22:52:48 CST 2017, time=2017-12-08, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-12-09 1e1b8538m79(暂无匿称)

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  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=299997, encodeId=e03529999e12, content=这个研究没什么意思.倒是fMRI这项技术.可以为AI的发展提供技术支持., beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=131, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2018/03/25/ac617363fe5f8639baeefddd777fe48a.jpg, createdBy=aad52307677, createdName=烹茶静思, createdTime=Mon Mar 26 23:18:29 CST 2018, time=2018-03-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1375733, encodeId=803813e573385, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2949159989d' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#SCIE#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=95, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=15998, encryptionId=2949159989d, topicName=SCIE)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=17a3387, createdName=jichang, createdTime=Sun Dec 10 13:40:00 CST 2017, time=2017-12-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=268195, encodeId=ee2526819523, content=不错的文章值得推荐, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=92, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=eff51996281, createdName=1e1b8538m79(暂无匿称), createdTime=Sat Dec 09 23:45:29 CST 2017, time=2017-12-09, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=268077, encodeId=2bca2680e720, content=神奇的大脑功能, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=101, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2017/04/24/1c2dbd6706e64df33befd6663f1d6b37.jpg, createdBy=94f61661779, createdName=lyh994, createdTime=Sat Dec 09 10:56:31 CST 2017, time=2017-12-09, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=267917, encodeId=0e9c26e91791, content=不错的文章值得推荐, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=96, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=eff51996281, createdName=1e1b8538m79(暂无匿称), createdTime=Fri Dec 08 22:52:48 CST 2017, time=2017-12-08, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-12-09 lyh994

    神奇的大脑功能

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  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=299997, encodeId=e03529999e12, content=这个研究没什么意思.倒是fMRI这项技术.可以为AI的发展提供技术支持., beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=131, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2018/03/25/ac617363fe5f8639baeefddd777fe48a.jpg, createdBy=aad52307677, createdName=烹茶静思, createdTime=Mon Mar 26 23:18:29 CST 2018, time=2018-03-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1375733, encodeId=803813e573385, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2949159989d' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#SCIE#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=95, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=15998, encryptionId=2949159989d, topicName=SCIE)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=17a3387, createdName=jichang, createdTime=Sun Dec 10 13:40:00 CST 2017, time=2017-12-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=268195, encodeId=ee2526819523, content=不错的文章值得推荐, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=92, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=eff51996281, createdName=1e1b8538m79(暂无匿称), createdTime=Sat Dec 09 23:45:29 CST 2017, time=2017-12-09, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=268077, encodeId=2bca2680e720, content=神奇的大脑功能, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=101, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2017/04/24/1c2dbd6706e64df33befd6663f1d6b37.jpg, createdBy=94f61661779, createdName=lyh994, createdTime=Sat Dec 09 10:56:31 CST 2017, time=2017-12-09, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=267917, encodeId=0e9c26e91791, content=不错的文章值得推荐, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=96, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=eff51996281, createdName=1e1b8538m79(暂无匿称), createdTime=Fri Dec 08 22:52:48 CST 2017, time=2017-12-08, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-12-08 1e1b8538m79(暂无匿称)

    不错的文章值得推荐

    0