Am J Health Syst Pharm:青霉素皮试作为抗菌药物管理策略的倡议

2017-03-18 吴刚 环球医学

青霉素过敏是最常报告的过敏之一;然而,高达90%的自我报告的青霉素过敏不准确。



青霉素过敏是最常报告的过敏之一;然而,高达90%的自我报告的青霉素过敏不准确。2017年2月,发表在《Am J Health Syst Pharm》的一项由美国科学家进行的研究提出了青霉素皮试作为抗菌药物管理策略的倡议。请看本期多学科讨论组临床药师各抒己见为您梳理本文看点——

目的:从抗菌药物管理的视角确定青霉素皮试(PST)的作用。

总结:青霉素过敏是最常报道的过敏反应之一;然而,仅有约10%的自我报告的青霉素过敏是准确的。因此,不正确的青霉素过敏报告是抗菌药物管理的严重障碍,带来显着的临床和经济影响,可造成抗菌药物耐药性的增加、总的医疗成本的增加、住院日的增加,最终增加死亡率。作为抗菌药物管理项目的一部分,社区卫生系统推出了PST倡议,旨在优化治疗、降低不良事件的成本、最小化抗菌药物耐药的发生。PST项目包括使用标准化的方法来评估怀疑青霉素过敏患者的青霉素的超敏反应。8个月期间,36名完成PST的患者中,所有结果都是阴性;其中的27人,作为PST的直接结果,抗菌药物治疗方案已经转换为青霉素或头孢菌素。

结论:自我报告的青霉素过敏的患者中,PST减少了医疗系统内碳青霉烯类抗菌药物、氨曲南、万古霉素和其他广谱药物的使用。PST后转换为青霉素或头孢菌素的患者样本中,可观察到药物成本的降低。

多学科讨论记实:

一份2009年的出版物指出,美国较少开发新型抗菌药物,部分原因是制药行业取消了关注急性感染性疾病的研究和开发。因此,医生在治疗很多感染时经常选择受限,包括多药耐药(MDR)生物体造成的感染,导致发病率和死亡率增加。自我报告的青霉素过敏是另一个主要原因,这限制了对于非MDR生物体(如A型链球菌)和MDR生物体(如假单胞菌和不动杆菌)的适当的抗菌药物处方开具。患者的青霉素过敏报告中常发现PST不准确。

为了让PST得到最大的获益,所有医生之间必须分享PST结果文件,比如牙医(处方开具相当比例的抗菌药物)。如果所有医生之间不能交流PST结果,可能导致患者继续被贴上“青霉素过敏”的不恰当标签。

本分析的一个明显局限性在于排除了组胺皮试无反应的患者。阴性反应导致过程停止,测试未完成。这可能是由于几个原因,给药技术和最近抗组胺药物使用是最有可能的原因。

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    2017-07-27 shizhenshan

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    2017-06-20 jj000001

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    2017-07-16 gous
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createdName=jj000001, createdTime=Tue Jun 20 07:00:00 CST 2017, time=2017-06-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1966942, encodeId=f25f196694277, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=b5bde60540a' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#管理策略#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=87, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=76054, encryptionId=b5bde60540a, topicName=管理策略)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=7a9987, createdName=gous, createdTime=Sun Jul 16 10:00:00 CST 2017, time=2017-07-16, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1330559, encodeId=d06f1330559c1, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=c6b455688d1' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#抗菌#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=69, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=55688, encryptionId=c6b455688d1, topicName=抗菌)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://thirdqq.qlogo.cn/qqapp/1103841572/2898B09F0DA89357D0D54A725E611AC7/100, createdBy=fdd32500040, createdName=ms7899726347904398, createdTime=Mon Mar 20 04:00:00 CST 2017, time=2017-03-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1373008, encodeId=534f13e3008c8, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=eb2555e176c' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#抗菌药#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=67, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=55717, encryptionId=eb2555e176c, topicName=抗菌药)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=7e12358, createdName=lhlxtx, createdTime=Mon Mar 20 04:00:00 CST 2017, time=2017-03-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1459281, encodeId=1eeb145928167, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2cc899065bc' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#青霉素#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=90, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=99065, encryptionId=2cc899065bc, topicName=青霉素)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=fd1b6130189, createdName=sunyl09, createdTime=Mon Mar 20 04:00:00 CST 2017, time=2017-03-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1540114, encodeId=d3a315401145f, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1dbd8e83641' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#药物管理#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=87, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=87836, encryptionId=1dbd8e83641, topicName=药物管理)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f83c13182684, createdName=小刀医生, createdTime=Mon Mar 20 04:00:00 CST 2017, time=2017-03-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1545623, encodeId=2ea91545623bd, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=b6a555e2603' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#抗菌药物管理#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=88, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=55726, encryptionId=b6a555e2603, topicName=抗菌药物管理)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=5bae13802779, createdName=ms8888626721583891, createdTime=Mon Mar 20 04:00:00 CST 2017, time=2017-03-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1550971, encodeId=9fb015509e1fb, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=82c8e214637' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#皮试#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=70, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=72146, encryptionId=82c8e214637, topicName=皮试)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=15c114147762, createdName=gj0736, createdTime=Mon Mar 20 04:00:00 CST 2017, time=2017-03-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1621596, encodeId=27691621596ed, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=5f1386329e' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Health#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=66, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=8632, encryptionId=5f1386329e, topicName=Health)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=8d2020283215, createdName=yyanpro@28cn.c, createdTime=Mon Mar 20 04:00:00 CST 2017, time=2017-03-20, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-03-20 ms7899726347904398

    #抗菌#

    0

  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1861080, encodeId=652b18610801a, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=401a23e102' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ALT#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=69, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=2371, encryptionId=401a23e102, topicName=ALT)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=ccbd84, createdName=shizhenshan, createdTime=Thu Jul 27 01:00:00 CST 2017, time=2017-07-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1787219, encodeId=65591e87219dc, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=fa03141591e' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Pharm#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=68, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=14159, encryptionId=fa03141591e, topicName=Pharm)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=8942242, 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style='color:#2F92EE;'>#青霉素#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=90, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=99065, encryptionId=2cc899065bc, topicName=青霉素)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=fd1b6130189, createdName=sunyl09, createdTime=Mon Mar 20 04:00:00 CST 2017, time=2017-03-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1540114, encodeId=d3a315401145f, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1dbd8e83641' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#药物管理#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=87, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=87836, encryptionId=1dbd8e83641, topicName=药物管理)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f83c13182684, createdName=小刀医生, createdTime=Mon Mar 20 04:00:00 CST 2017, time=2017-03-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1545623, encodeId=2ea91545623bd, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=b6a555e2603' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#抗菌药物管理#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=88, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=55726, encryptionId=b6a555e2603, topicName=抗菌药物管理)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=5bae13802779, createdName=ms8888626721583891, createdTime=Mon Mar 20 04:00:00 CST 2017, time=2017-03-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1550971, encodeId=9fb015509e1fb, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=82c8e214637' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#皮试#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=70, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=72146, encryptionId=82c8e214637, topicName=皮试)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=15c114147762, createdName=gj0736, createdTime=Mon Mar 20 04:00:00 CST 2017, time=2017-03-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1621596, encodeId=27691621596ed, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=5f1386329e' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Health#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=66, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=8632, encryptionId=5f1386329e, topicName=Health)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=8d2020283215, createdName=yyanpro@28cn.c, createdTime=Mon Mar 20 04:00:00 CST 2017, time=2017-03-20, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-03-20 lhlxtx

    #抗菌药#

    0

  6. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1861080, encodeId=652b18610801a, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=401a23e102' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ALT#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=69, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=2371, encryptionId=401a23e102, topicName=ALT)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=ccbd84, createdName=shizhenshan, createdTime=Thu Jul 27 01:00:00 CST 2017, time=2017-07-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1787219, encodeId=65591e87219dc, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=fa03141591e' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Pharm#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=68, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=14159, encryptionId=fa03141591e, topicName=Pharm)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=8942242, 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topicName=抗菌)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://thirdqq.qlogo.cn/qqapp/1103841572/2898B09F0DA89357D0D54A725E611AC7/100, createdBy=fdd32500040, createdName=ms7899726347904398, createdTime=Mon Mar 20 04:00:00 CST 2017, time=2017-03-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1373008, encodeId=534f13e3008c8, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=eb2555e176c' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#抗菌药#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=67, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=55717, encryptionId=eb2555e176c, topicName=抗菌药)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=7e12358, createdName=lhlxtx, createdTime=Mon Mar 20 04:00:00 CST 2017, time=2017-03-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1459281, encodeId=1eeb145928167, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2cc899065bc' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#青霉素#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=90, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=99065, encryptionId=2cc899065bc, topicName=青霉素)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=fd1b6130189, createdName=sunyl09, createdTime=Mon Mar 20 04:00:00 CST 2017, time=2017-03-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1540114, encodeId=d3a315401145f, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1dbd8e83641' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#药物管理#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=87, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=87836, encryptionId=1dbd8e83641, topicName=药物管理)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f83c13182684, createdName=小刀医生, createdTime=Mon Mar 20 04:00:00 CST 2017, time=2017-03-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1545623, encodeId=2ea91545623bd, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=b6a555e2603' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#抗菌药物管理#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=88, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=55726, encryptionId=b6a555e2603, topicName=抗菌药物管理)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=5bae13802779, createdName=ms8888626721583891, createdTime=Mon Mar 20 04:00:00 CST 2017, time=2017-03-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1550971, encodeId=9fb015509e1fb, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=82c8e214637' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#皮试#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=70, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=72146, encryptionId=82c8e214637, topicName=皮试)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=15c114147762, createdName=gj0736, createdTime=Mon Mar 20 04:00:00 CST 2017, time=2017-03-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1621596, encodeId=27691621596ed, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=5f1386329e' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Health#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=66, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=8632, encryptionId=5f1386329e, topicName=Health)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=8d2020283215, createdName=yyanpro@28cn.c, createdTime=Mon Mar 20 04:00:00 CST 2017, time=2017-03-20, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-03-20 sunyl09

    #青霉素#

    0

  7. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1861080, encodeId=652b18610801a, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=401a23e102' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ALT#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=69, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=2371, encryptionId=401a23e102, topicName=ALT)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=ccbd84, createdName=shizhenshan, createdTime=Thu Jul 27 01:00:00 CST 2017, time=2017-07-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1787219, encodeId=65591e87219dc, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=fa03141591e' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Pharm#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=68, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=14159, encryptionId=fa03141591e, topicName=Pharm)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=8942242, 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topicName=抗菌)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://thirdqq.qlogo.cn/qqapp/1103841572/2898B09F0DA89357D0D54A725E611AC7/100, createdBy=fdd32500040, createdName=ms7899726347904398, createdTime=Mon Mar 20 04:00:00 CST 2017, time=2017-03-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1373008, encodeId=534f13e3008c8, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=eb2555e176c' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#抗菌药#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=67, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=55717, encryptionId=eb2555e176c, topicName=抗菌药)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=7e12358, createdName=lhlxtx, createdTime=Mon Mar 20 04:00:00 CST 2017, time=2017-03-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1459281, encodeId=1eeb145928167, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2cc899065bc' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#青霉素#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=90, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=99065, encryptionId=2cc899065bc, topicName=青霉素)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=fd1b6130189, createdName=sunyl09, createdTime=Mon Mar 20 04:00:00 CST 2017, time=2017-03-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1540114, encodeId=d3a315401145f, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1dbd8e83641' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#药物管理#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=87, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=87836, encryptionId=1dbd8e83641, topicName=药物管理)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f83c13182684, createdName=小刀医生, createdTime=Mon Mar 20 04:00:00 CST 2017, time=2017-03-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1545623, encodeId=2ea91545623bd, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=b6a555e2603' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#抗菌药物管理#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=88, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=55726, encryptionId=b6a555e2603, topicName=抗菌药物管理)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=5bae13802779, createdName=ms8888626721583891, createdTime=Mon Mar 20 04:00:00 CST 2017, time=2017-03-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1550971, encodeId=9fb015509e1fb, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=82c8e214637' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#皮试#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=70, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=72146, encryptionId=82c8e214637, topicName=皮试)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=15c114147762, createdName=gj0736, createdTime=Mon Mar 20 04:00:00 CST 2017, time=2017-03-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1621596, encodeId=27691621596ed, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=5f1386329e' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Health#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=66, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=8632, encryptionId=5f1386329e, topicName=Health)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=8d2020283215, createdName=yyanpro@28cn.c, createdTime=Mon Mar 20 04:00:00 CST 2017, time=2017-03-20, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-03-20 小刀医生
  8. 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  9. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1861080, encodeId=652b18610801a, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=401a23e102' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ALT#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=69, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=2371, encryptionId=401a23e102, topicName=ALT)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=ccbd84, createdName=shizhenshan, createdTime=Thu Jul 27 01:00:00 CST 2017, time=2017-07-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1787219, encodeId=65591e87219dc, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=fa03141591e' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Pharm#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=68, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=14159, encryptionId=fa03141591e, topicName=Pharm)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=8942242, 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createdBy=15c114147762, createdName=gj0736, createdTime=Mon Mar 20 04:00:00 CST 2017, time=2017-03-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1621596, encodeId=27691621596ed, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=5f1386329e' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Health#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=66, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=8632, encryptionId=5f1386329e, topicName=Health)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=8d2020283215, createdName=yyanpro@28cn.c, createdTime=Mon Mar 20 04:00:00 CST 2017, time=2017-03-20, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-03-20 gj0736

    #皮试#

    0

  10. 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    2017-03-20 yyanpro@28cn.c

    #Health#

    0

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青霉素是人类历史上发现的第一种抗生素,发现者-英国细菌学家弗莱明因此而获得诺贝尔奖。半个多世纪以来,青霉素可谓功勋卓越。拯救了无尽的肺炎、脑膜炎、败血症以及伤口感染等患者。第二次世界大战时,青霉素得以大量生产,已有足够的青霉素用来及时抢救众多的伤病员,这样迅速扭转了盟国的战局,为反法西斯做出重要贡献。半个多世纪后的今天,我们不禁要问,为什么现在医生都不怎么使用青霉素?曾经的英雄药物—青霉素去哪儿了

Obstet Gynecol:B族链球菌感染的预防性用药

目的:评估孕妇生产时使用合理的抗生素预防B足链球菌 (GBS)感染,有青霉素过敏但无过敏现象的报道的比例。

深入解析青霉素如何挽救成百上千万人的生命?

近年来,在发达国家中感染性疾病引发的死亡占到了死亡人数中的绝大多数,而且在发展中国家里,感染性疾病依然是引发大多数人死亡的主要原因。在这样的背景下,英国医生亚历山大?弗莱明(Alexander Fleming)于1928年发明了青霉素(盘尼西林),该抗生素在改变现代人医疗卫生上做出了巨大的贡献,此后人类终于拥有了第一个抵御常见感染性疾病的武器了,从此人类就开始了使用抗生素的时代。

注意!青霉素皮试“阴性”也可能过敏!

青霉素是临床上应用广泛的重要抗生素,是世界上第一个应用于临床的抗感染类药物。青霉素类药物使用前需要做皮试,是众所周知的常识。但是在临床工作中,我们发现不少家长仍然存在很多关于青霉素使用的误区。误区一    青霉素皮试阴性,就一定不会过敏了讲一个发生在龙猫药师身上的真实案例:在大学时期,我有一次发烧去学校医务室看诊,确定感染需要使用青霉素。校医让我做了青霉素皮试,大概1

注意:这些药物不能用葡萄糖配 !

1. 青霉素  呈酸性的葡萄糖注射液或四环素注射液皆可破坏青霉素的活性。 2. 阿莫西林钠克拉维酸钾 注射用阿莫西林钠克拉维酸钾在含有葡萄糖、葡聚糖或酸性碳酸盐的溶液中会降低稳定性,故注射用阿莫西林钠克拉维酸钾不能与含有上述物质的溶液混合。 3. 氨苄西林 氨苄西林在弱酸性葡萄糖液中分解较快,因此宜用中性液体作溶剂。 4. 厄他

Sci Rep:低剂量青霉素可以减少结肠炎的易感性

早期生活中使用抗生素可导致肠道微生物群的显着变化,并且可能促进炎症性肠病(IBD)的后期发作。然而,根据流行病学研究的矛盾结果,早期抗生素治疗和IBD之间的关系是不明确的。近期,一项发表在杂志Sci Rep上的研究证明了低剂量青霉素预处理对由葡聚糖硫酸钠(DSS)诱导的小鼠结肠炎具有独特的保护作用。低剂量青霉素抑制促炎细胞因子IL-17在各种肠道组织中的表达,并减少小肠固有层中Th17细胞的数量。