Diabetologia:家族性1型糖尿病的特征?

2019-12-24 MedSci MedSci原创

在以前的研究中,据报道显示,患家族性1型糖尿病的父亲的后代比患此病的母亲的后代患此病的风险高出两倍以上。我们验证了这样一个假设:与其他一级亲属患病的儿童相比,父亲患病的儿童在诊断时可能具有更强的疾病侵袭性。

在以前的研究中,据报道显示,患家族性1糖尿病的父亲的后代比患此病的母亲的后代患此病的风险高出两倍以上。我们验证了这样一个假设:与其他一级亲属患病的儿童相比,父亲患病的儿童诊断时可能具有更强的疾病侵袭性。

在此,使用芬兰儿童糖尿病登记进行一项横断面、观察性研究。对20031月至201612月芬兰15岁以下儿童的临床和代谢特征、细胞自身抗体和HLA II类基因进行分析。在诊断时通过结构化问卷收集一级亲属中是否存在1糖尿病的信息。

研究结果显示,在4993名新诊断的指标儿童中,519(10.4%)患有家族性1型糖尿病。超过5% (n = 253, 5.1%)的人有受影响的父亲,2.8% (n = 141)的人有受影响的母亲,1.9% (n = 95)的人有受影响的兄弟姐妹,0.6% (n = 30)的人有两个或两个以上的家庭成员。散发性和家族性糖尿病患儿的所有临床和代谢变量明显较差。有患病父亲或母亲的儿童比有患病兄弟姐妹的儿童更年轻(中位年龄分别为7.59岁和6.74岁和10.73;p < 0.001)。经年龄和性别校正分析后,父亲患病的儿童更容易出现酮症酸中毒(9.7% vs 3.6%;p = 0.033),诊断前体重减轻幅度较大(3.2%0%;p = 0.006)与母亲患病的儿童相比。家族性疾病儿童的所有自身抗体检测呈阴性的情况更为常见(3.5%2.1%;p = 0.041),胰岛素自身抗体出现频率更高(49.8% vs 42.2%;p = 0.004)与散发性疾病患者比较。在散发性和家族性疾病(15.9% vs . 11.2%)的儿童中,主要HLA危险单倍型(DR3-DQ2DR4-DQ8)的缺乏更为常见;p = 0.006)。家族性组与散发性组DR4-DQ8单倍型发生率分别为75.7%68.5%;(p = 0.001),尤其是父亲患病的儿童与散发疾病的儿童相比(77.5% vs 68.5%;p < 0.05)。当将指标儿童与在指标儿童出生前或出生后确诊的受影响父母进行比较时,在指标儿童出生前确诊的受影响父母中,男性明显占优势(父亲66.2%,母亲33.8%;p = 0.006),而如果在指标儿童出生后被诊断为1型糖尿病,那么父亲和母亲的比例是相似的。

与家族性1型糖尿病相比,研究证实散发性1型糖尿病儿童在诊断时会出现更严重的代谢紊乱。与患病母亲相比,患病父亲的患病儿童在诊断时发生糖尿病酮症酸中毒的频率更高,体重下降的幅度也更大,这支持了一种假说,即父亲1型糖尿病与母亲糖尿病相比,其后代患更严重的疾病。患病父母在孩子出生前后的性别差异支持了母亲胰岛素治疗可以预防1型糖尿病的假设。

原始出处:

Maaret TurtinenTaina HärkönenCharacteristics of familial type 1 diabetes: effects of the relationship to the affected family member on phenotype and genotype at diagnosis

本文系梅斯医学(MedSci)原创编译整理,转载需授权!


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    2020-08-04 ms5439512287675881

    #BET#

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    2020-04-02 ms9608593228839890

    #DIA#

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    2019-12-26 wetgdt

    #家族性#

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    2019-12-24 misszhang

    谢谢MedSci提供最新的资讯

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