Microbiome:养宠物可以减少过敏和肥胖!

2017-04-07 MedSci MedSci原创

如果你需要一个理由才能成为爱狗人士,那么狗狗能帮助孩子远离过敏病症和肥胖这个理由够吗?阿尔伯塔大学一项新的研究表明,养宠物的家庭的小孩体内出现两种与过敏性疾病和肥胖风险相关的微生物水平升高,其中70%的家庭选择的宠物是狗。这篇研究发表在Nature子刊Microbiome上。但也不要急着去领养一只毛茸茸的朋友回来。"肠道免疫与微生物共存,且当该过程的破坏导致肠道免疫力变化时肯定有一个关键的时间窗。

如果你需要一个理由才能成为爱狗人士,那么狗狗能帮助孩子远离过敏病症和肥胖这个理由够吗?

阿尔伯塔大学一项新的研究表明,养宠物的家庭的小孩体内出现两种与过敏性疾病和肥胖风险相关的微生物水平升高,其中70%的家庭选择的宠物是狗。这篇研究发表在Nature子刊Microbiome上。

但也不要急着去领养一只毛茸茸的朋友回来。

"肠道免疫与微生物共存,且当该过程的破坏导致肠道免疫力变化时肯定有一个关键的时间窗。" Anita Kozyrskyj说,一个美国儿科流行病学家和世界领先的肠道微生物菌群(生活在人类和动物消化道的微生物或细菌)研究人员。

Kozyrskyj及其团队收集了参与加拿大健康婴儿纵向发展研究的婴儿的粪便样本,经过二十年的研究发现,与狗一同成长的小孩患哮喘的比例更低。

该理论认为在生命早期接触尘土和细菌,例如狗的皮毛和爪子,可以产生早期免疫,虽然研究人员还不能确定这种效应是由毛茸茸的朋友携带的细菌还是通过人抚摸宠物引起的,Kozyrskyj说。

她的12人团队,包括研究合作者和博士后研究员Hein Min Tun,发现在子宫内接触宠物或出生后三个月的婴孩肠道内两种分别与儿童过敏反应和肥胖有关的细菌--瘤胃球菌和颤螺菌含量增加。

"当房间里有一只宠物时,这两种细菌的丰度增加了两倍,"Kozyrskyj说,她还补充说道,在怀孕期间以及在婴儿出生后的头三个月期间,接触宠物会间接影响婴孩的肠道微生物组--即从狗转移到母亲再转移到未出生婴儿。

换句话说,即使这只狗在妇女生产前已经被送走了,这种健康的微生物组交换仍能发生。

Kozyrskyj先前的工作表明,即使在剖腹产/阴道分娩,在出生期间使用抗生素和缺乏母乳喂养这三种导致免疫力降低的情况下,免疫力增强交换也会发生。

此外,Kozyrskyj的研究表明,家中宠物的存在减少了新生儿出生时阴道B群链球菌感染的可能性。阴道B群链球菌感染会造成新生儿肺炎,在分娩期间通过给予母亲抗生素可阻止该过程的发生。

现在预测这一发现在将来会如何发挥作用还为时过早,但是Kozyrskyj并不排除将狗的陪伴作为预防过敏和肥胖的工具的概念。

她说:"制药行业将试图创造这些微生物的补充剂,这一点并不难,就像用益生菌一样。"

该研究获加拿大卫生研究所和过敏基因与环境网络(AllerGen NCE)资助。

原文出处

Hein M. Tun et al, Exposure to household furry pets influences the gut microbiota of infant at 3–4 months following various birth scenarios, Microbiome (2017)

此文系梅斯医学(MedSci)原创编译整理,转载需授权!



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    2017-07-29 sunylz
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    2018-02-28 pyaili
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    2018-02-12 xjy02
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    2017-04-13 往日如昨

    继续学习中,谢谢

    0

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