Hum Reprod:左炔诺孕酮节育系统置入前给予米非司酮可否减少阴道出血?

2018-11-22 贾朝娟 环球医学网

左炔诺孕酮节育系统(LNG-IUS)是最有效的避孕方法之一,有效期可达5年。但在置入该系统后的3~6个月内,阴道不规则出血的发生率高达25%~62%,因而患者常因子宫/阴道出血而停药。目前尚无用于改善该类不良反应的有效药物。2018年11月,发表在《Hum Reprod》的一项研究考查了LNG-IUS置入前给予米非司酮进行预防治疗能否改善置入后3个月内的不规则阴道出血。

左炔诺孕酮节育系统(LNG-IUS)是最有效的避孕方法之一,有效期可达5年。但在置入该系统后的3~6个月内,阴道不规则出血的发生率高达25%~62%,因而患者常因子宫/阴道出血而停药。目前尚无用于改善该类不良反应的有效药物。2018年11月,发表在《Hum Reprod》的一项研究考查了LNG-IUS置入前给予米非司酮进行预防治疗能否改善置入后3个月内的不规则阴道出血。

研究问题:低剂量米非司酮预防治疗能否改善LNG-IUS置入后3个月内不规则阴道出血率?

总结答案:LNG-IUS置入前米非司酮治疗,能明显降低置入后1月内的出血发生率,但置入后3个月结果无统计学差异。

已知:置入后1个月内不规则出血是导致过早停用LNG-IUS的主要原因之一。迄今为止,尚无有效治疗方法预防这种副作用,它降低了这一最有效避孕方法的持续使用率。

研究设计、大小和持续时间:这项随机双盲对照试验于2009年至2015年期间开展。总体上,对68名选择LNG-IUS的女性进行了资格审查,其中58名按1:1的比例随机分配至治疗前给予米非司酮组或对照组,10人一组。主要结局是LNG-IUS 52 mg置入后3个月内出血事件发生率和出血天数。

受试者/材料、环境、方法:在一家大学医院的单个中心招募年龄为18~43岁的月经周期规律和正常的健康女性;29名被分配至LNG-IUS置入前2个月开始接受低剂量米非司酮治疗组,29名被分配至对照组(VB)。建议女性在治疗前使用隔离方法。在治疗前和LNG-IUS置入后6个月收集出血记录。

主要结果和作用:两组间的人口统计学或基线特征没有差异。通过分析两组各19名女性的数据,进行主要结局的分析。预防治疗后2个月和LNG-IUS置入后第1个月期间,米非司酮组的出血事件发生率明显降低(-17.8%,P<0.001)。在随后的月份中,未发现明显差异。米司非酮组中,LNG-IUS置入前没有发生怀孕,但对照组有3例意外怀孕,这强调了临床实践中任何预防治疗方案开展的同时中都需要可靠的避孕措施。

局限性、谨慎的原因:本试验中LNG-IUS置入前使用米非司酮预防设备置入后的非规则出血。尽管这种副作用是临床的一个主要问题,但仅有一部分女性存在该风险。这是首次使用预防治疗来改善出血控制的研究。虽然差异不大,效果持续时间也很短,但观察到LNG-IUS置入后第一个月出血事件发生率降低,表明这一方法有待进一步研究。对照组3例怀孕的事实,强调了任何预防治疗均需要预防计划外怀孕。

原始出处:
Papaikonomou K1, Kopp Kallner H1,2,3, S?derdahl F4, et al.Mifepristone treatment prior to insertion of a levonorgestrel releasing intrauterine system for improved bleeding control - a randomized controlled trial.Hum Reprod. 2018 Nov 1;33(11):2002-2009. doi: 10.1093/humrep/dey296.

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    2018-11-24 智慧医人

    #孕酮#

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    2018-11-24 rgjl
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    2018-11-24 sunylz

    #PRO#

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